Ever wonder why some cosmetics available in the US are off-limits in Europe? The answer lies in different regulatory approaches.

The European Union (EU) takes a cautious stance, banning ingredients with potential risks. In contrast, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has limited power over cosmetics. This is evident from the fact that the EU banned over 1,300 substances from cosmetics due to their potential health risks. In contrast, the US FDA has prohibited only 11 substances.

This discrepancy is due to different regulatory policies. The EU adopts a precautionary principle, banning substances suspected of posing health risks until proven safe. The US tends to allow substances until proven harmful, which means more harmful ingredients can be found in American cosmetic products.

This blog explores five toxic cosmetic ingredients that are outlawed in the EU but permitted in the US.

Formaldehyde and Formaldehyde-releasing Agents

Formaldehyde is a preservative used in hair smoothening, nail polish, eyelash glue, and shampoos. According to TorHoerman Law, it’s a known carcinogen associated with respiratory disorders and skin irritation. Despite its risks, it is still used in the US in small amounts.

In the EU, formaldehyde is banned due to its severe health impacts. Studies have shown that formaldehyde exposure can cause cancer, in particular Nasopharynx cancer and leucaemia. The chemical can also trigger allergic reactions, making it unsafe for cosmetic use. Check product labels for formaldehyde or ingredients like DMDM Hydantoin, which releases it over time.

The risks associated with formaldehyde have led to lawsuits in the US. For example, the hair relaxer lawsuit involves products containing formaldehyde, where users allege that prolonged exposure has led to serious health issues, including cancer. Over 8,150 lawsuits await justice as the FDA suggested a ban in October 2023 following the revelation.

However, despite proposing an implementation deadline of April 2024, the FDA still has not implemented any rule. This has raised questions about the agency’s commitment to protecting public health. However, the FDA said that the officials are developing the proposed regulation, which remains a high priority. According to NPR, the FDA hasn’t mentioned the release date or the content of the ban in detail.

Parabens (Specific long-chain parabens)

Parabens are added as preservers in makeup, moisturizers, hair care products, shaving products, and even packaged food. They keep products fresh by preventing bacterial growth.

However, they are known as endocrine disruptors, meaning they interfere with hormone synthesis. Studies have linked parabens to breast cancer, developmental disorders, obesity, and fertility issues. Moreover, Verywell Health reports they can also affect cholesterol, blood sugar, thyroid levels, and immune function.

The EU prohibited five long-chain parabens and restricted several others. The banned compounds include Isopropylparaben, Isobutylparaben, phenylparaben, benzylparaben, and pentylparaben. The EU is also considering regulating propylparaben and butylparaben.

Phthalates

Phthalates are found in nail polish, hair sprays, and perfumes. They are associated with reproductive and neurological disorders, particularly in children and pregnant women.

Moreover, according to the National Institutes of Health, severe phthalate exposure increases the risk of preterm birth and breast cancer. These chemicals can interfere with hormone functions and have been linked to liver and kidney toxicity, birth defects, reduced fertility, and developmental disorders. This makes it a major concern, especially for sensitive individuals like pregnant women and children.

The EU has noted this and banned three types of phthalates, including DEHP, DIBP, DBP, and BBP. In contrast, the US only restricts them to children’s toys. You’ll still find them in many adult cosmetics and personal care items.

Triclosan

Triclosan is an antibacterial compound added to soaps, deodorants, and toothpaste. It is a potential endocrine disruptor that can cause antibiotic resistance. It kills germs and is an approved pesticide.

Studies reveal that triclosan can interfere with thyroid hormone activity and may result in antibiotic-resistant bacteria and viruses. Moreover, it also increases the risk of breast cancer, environmental toxicity, and bioaccumulation. The EU banned triclosan in cosmetics in 2020 due to these health risks. The FDA vetoed it in over-the-counter hand soaps in September 2016. But you can still find it in other everyday products in the US.

The widespread use of triclosan and its potential human health and environmental concerns has led to calls for stricter regulations in the US.

Coal Tar Dyes

These synthetic colors are common in hair dyes and some makeup products. These dyes are made from coal tar, a derivative of coal extraction.

However, some coal tar dyes can cause allergic reactions and neurological damage. There’s also concern about their potential to cause various cancers with long-term use. The EU has banned cosmetic coal tar dyes due to potential health risks. However, these dyes are still permitted in some US cosmetic products in low doses with a warning label.

Look for components like p-phenylenediamine or colors mentioned as “CI” superseded by a five-digit number.

Commonly Asked Questions

Are Natural or Organic Cosmetics Safer?

Not necessarily. “Natural” and “organic” aren’t regulated terms in cosmetics. Some concentrated natural ingredients can cause allergies or irritation. Always check the full ingredient list, regardless of marketing claims. Focus on understanding individual ingredients rather than broad labels.

Are There Any Safe Alternatives to the Cosmetics Mentioned in This Blog?

Absolutely. Shop for items with third-party certifications like USDA Organic and the EWG Verified logo. Environmental Working Group’s Skin Deep database is a great asset for researching safer options. Consider consulting a dermatologist for personalized recommendations.

How Can I Find EU-Compliant Cosmetics in the US?

Look for brands that explicitly state they follow EU regulations. Many international companies create products that meet EU standards globally. You can also use apps like Think Dirty, Clean Beauty, or EWG’s Skin Deep to scan products and check ingredients for EU-standard safety ratings.

So, while the US lags behind the EU in banning potentially harmful cosmetic ingredients, you have the power to choose. Remember, a little awareness goes a long way in protecting your health and the environment.

By understanding what’s in your products, you can make informed decisions about what you put on your skin. Your health and safety are worth the extra effort. Check the ingredients and opt for safer alternatives whenever possible. So, the next time you reach for that beauty product, take a moment to read the label and choose wisely!

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